Graphene

Subject : Science and technology

Section: chemistry

Concept :

Graphene is a one-atom-thick sheet of carbon atoms arranged in a honeycomb-like pattern. It is an is an allotrope of carbon. Graphene is considered to be the world’s thinnest, strongest and most conductive material – of both electricity and heat.
Properties: It is harder than diamond yet more elastic than rubber; tougher than steel yet lighter than aluminium. Graphene is the strongest known material.
Other Properties of Graphene are:
Lowest resistivity substance known at room temperature.
High thermal stability.
High elasticity.
High electrical conductivity.
Electron mobility is high at room temperature.
Graphene oxide (GO) membranes can be used to filter common salt from seawater.

Applications of graphene/GO/rGO

Graphite and its derivate recently gained science and engineering awareness due to its numerous applications.
The discovery of graphene is rightly regarded as a milestone in the world of material science; as can be seen in the worldwide attention, the material has received in the fields of electronics, photonics, capacitors/supercapacitors, biosensing, etc.
They are used in numerous applications as illustrated below. In this book, applications of graphene and its derivatives are discussed in detail.
These applications include photocatalysis, electronics, gas sensing, graphene-based heterogeneous electrodes for energy storage devices, etc. In addition, sound devices based on graphene is also explained in this book.
Carbon Allotropes: Diamond, graphite and fullerenes (substances that include nanotubes and buckminsterfullerene) are the important allotropes of pure carbon.
Allotropy is the property of some chemical elements to exist in two or more different forms, in the same physical state.