G20 Summit: New Delhi Leaders’ Declaration adopted with consensus on various environmental goals

G20 Summit: New Delhi Leaders’ Declaration adopted with consensus on various environmental goals

Subject: IR

Section: Groupings

Context:

• The Group of Twenty (G20) has adopted the G20 New Delhi Leader’s Declaration on September 9, 2023.

New Delhi Leader’s Declaration:

• Effective implementation of Paris Agreement of 2015, adherence to the common but differentiated responsibilities and respective capabilities (CBDR),  inclusion of the sustainable development goals (SDG), climate finance, energy transitions, using and restoring natural ecosystems, harnessing and preserving ocean-based economies, plastic pollution, reducing disaster risk and building resilient infrastructure.
• Taking note of the findings of the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) Sixth Assessment Synthesis Report, the document stated that the “timeframes for peaking may be shaped by sustainable development, poverty eradication needs, equity, and in line with different national circumstances”.
• In the declaration under the Green Development Pact for a Sustainable Future, the countries have committed to “urgently accelerate our actions to address environmental crises and challenges, including climate change”.
• Full and effective implementation of the Kunming-Montreal Global Biodiversity Framework (GBF).
• G20 ambition of reducing land degradation by 50 per cent by 2040 on a voluntary basis as discussed in Gandhinagar Implementation Roadmap and Gandhinagar Information Platform.
• In the context of forests:
  • It will avoid discriminatory green economic policies, consistent with WTO rules and multilateral environmental agreements.
  • Commitment of mobilizing new and additional finance for forests from all sources, including concessional and innovative financing, in particular for developing countries. Commitment to prevention and mitigation of wildfires and remediation of mining-degraded lands”.
• Harnessing ocean-based economy:
  • Chennai High Level Principles for a Sustainable and Resilient Blue / Ocean based economy and the adoption of “the new international legally binding instrument under the UN Convention on the Law of the Sea on the conservation and sustainable use of marine Biological diversity of areas Beyond National Jurisdiction” (BBJN Treaty)
• Disaster Management:
  • Institutionalization of the Disaster Risk Reduction Working Group under the presidency of India, which catalyzed efforts towards disaster risk reduction.
  • Accelerating progress on early warning and early action through strengthening national and local capacities, innovative financing tools, private sector investments and knowledge sharing.
• The members supported the United Nations’ initiatives such as the Global Platform for Disaster Risk Reduction (DRR) and the Coalition for Disaster Resilient Infrastructure in “furtherance of such collaboration and sharing”.
• Earlier, the Loss and Damage Fund (LDF) was agreed upon at Conference of Parties (COP27) to UNFCCC in Sharm El-Sheikh, Egypt in November 2022.

Global Platform for Disaster Risk Reduction (DRR):

• Formed in 2007.
• Latest session: in 2022 at Bali, Indonesia.
• This global forum is an avenue to share knowledge and discuss the latest developments and trends in reducing disaster risk.
• The UN General Assembly recognizes the Global Platform as a critical mechanism to review progress on the implementation of the Sendai Framework for Disaster Risk Reduction.
• At the Platform, governments, the UN system and all stakeholders get together to identify ways to further accelerate the implementation of the Sendai Framework.

Coalition for Disaster Resilient Infrastructure (CDRI):

• It was launched by the Indian Prime Minister Narendra Modi at the 2019 UN Climate Action Summit in September 2019.
• Today, or as of 2023, the CDRI has 39 members, incl. 31 member states, such as Argentina, Australia, Brazil, Canada, Chile, France, Germany, India, Italy, Japan, the United Kingdom and the United States.
• CDRI is an international coalition of countries, United Nations (UN) agencies, multilateral development banks, the private sector, and academic institutions, that aims to promote disaster-resilient infrastructure.
• Its objective is to promote research and knowledge sharing in the fields of infrastructure risk management, standards, financing, and recovery mechanisms.
• CDRI’s initial focus is on developing disaster-resilience in ecological, social, and economic infrastructure. It aims to achieve substantial changes in member countries’ policy frameworks and future infrastructure investments, along with a major decrease in the economic losses suffered due to disasters.

For details of G20 summit India: https://optimizeias.com/indias-perspective-ahead-of-the-g20-summit/