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Strong link between high glycaemic index diet and diabetes, says study

  • April 9, 2024
  • Posted by: OptimizeIAS Team
  • Category: DPN Topics
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Strong link between high glycaemic index diet and diabetes, says study

Subject: Science and tech

Section: Health

Context:

  • An international study published in The Lancet Diabetes and Endocrinology revealed that diets low in glycaemic index (GI) and glycaemic load (GL) may help prevent type 2 diabetes, particularly in individuals with higher Body Mass Index (BMI).

Study findings:

  • The study, spanning five continents and involving 127,594 adults over nearly 12 years, found a significant association between high GI/GL diets and an increased risk of developing type 2 diabetes. 
    • The Glycaemic Index (GI) measures how carbohydrate-containing foods affect blood glucose levels post-meal, while the Glycaemic Load (GL) considers both the quality and quantity of carbohydrates in food.
  • The research highlighted that individuals with high BMI and a family history of diabetes could delay the onset of the disease through better dietary choices.
  • The findings underscore the importance of dietary composition in managing diabetes risk, challenging previous controversies around the impact of GI on diabetes and providing evidence applicable to a broad population.

About Diabetes:

  • Diabetes is a chronic disease that occurs either when the pancreas does not produce enough insulin or when the body cannot effectively use the insulin it produces.
  • Insulin is a hormone that regulates blood glucose. Hyperglycaemia, also called raised blood glucose or raised blood sugar, is a common effect of uncontrolled diabetes and over time leads to serious damage to many of the body’s systems, especially the nerves and blood vessels.

Type 1 diabetes:

  • Type 1 diabetes (previously known as insulin-dependent, juvenile or childhood-onset) is characterized by deficient insulin production and requires daily administration of insulin. In 2017 there were 9 million people with type 1 diabetes; the majority of them live in high-income countries. Neither its cause nor the means to prevent it are known.

Type 2 diabetes:

  • Type 2 diabetes affects how your body uses sugar (glucose) for energy. It stops the body from using insulin properly, which can lead to high levels of blood sugar if not treated.
  • Over time, type 2 diabetes can cause serious damage to the body, especially nerves and blood vessels.
  • Type 2 diabetes is often preventable. Factors that contribute to developing type 2 diabetes include being overweight, not getting enough exercise, and genetics.

Source: TH

Science and tech Strong link between high glycaemic index diet and diabetes

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