Friday Factly 18 September 2020

General Studies-2

Malnutrition:

• As per the combined report of FAO, IFAD, UNICEF, WFP and WHO on “The state of Food Security and Nutrition in the World” there were 673 million undernourished people globally, of which 189.2 million (28 per cent) were in India in 2017-19.
• India accounts for 28 per cent (40.3 million) of the world’s stunted children (low height-for-age) under five years of age, and 43 per cent (20.1 million) of the world’s wasted children (low weight-for-height) in 2019
• As per the National Family Health Survey (NFHS, 2015-16), the proportion of underweight and stunted children was as high as 35.8 per cent and 38.4 per cent respectively.
• In several districts of Bihar, Jharkhand, Uttar Pradesh, Madhya Pradesh, Rajasthan and even Gujarat, the proportion of underweight children was more than 40 per cent.

Population:

According to the World Health Organization, nearly 15% of the world’s population has some or the other form of disability, making disabled people the largest global minority.

Disabilities: 

• 6% of persons living with disabilities in India are outside the labour force(The International Labour Organization)

General Studies-3

Income inequality: 

• According to a study, the top 10 per cent of Indian population controls over 77 per cent of the national wealth, while the bottom half of the population holds a mere 2.5 per cent share.
• The BSE index grew seven times in the last 20 years compared to less than half that increase in average wages.
• The salary of CEOs, as a ratio of the average pay, has become more skewed over the years, reaching three-digit levels.

Herd Immunity:

• Herd immunity is achieved when 40-65 per cent of the population develop antibodies.

Water in Agriculture:

• As per the Central Water Commission, 85.3 percent of the total water consumed in India was for agriculture in 2000, and the figure is likely to decrease to 83.3 percent by 2025.

Energy:

Most of India’s emissions come from energy (largely coal-based) production (68%), industry (20%), agriculture, food and land use (10%).