Arab League

Subject: International Relations

Section: International Organization

Concept :

The Arab League voted to reinstate Syria’s membership after its suspension more than 10 years ago, underlining the thawing relations between Damascus and other Arab countries.

Background

Syria was ousted from the Arab League in 2011 following President Bashar al-Assad’s brutal crackdown on pro-democracy protests, which led to the ongoing civil war in the country.
The conflict has since killed around half of a million people and displaced about 23 million.
The ruling, which allows Assad to attend the upcoming Arab League Summit in Saudi Arabia on May 19, has also called for a resolution of the civil war and the resulting refugee and drug smuggling crises.

Causal factors for reinstation

The Arab League’s decision is the culmination of Assad’s diplomatic efforts to return to the fold, which gained momentum after this February’s massive earthquake in Turkey and Syria.
Assad has received a favourable response from several Arab nations like Egypt and Oman not just because they wanted to help the earthquake victims.
Experts believe these countries have realised they need to end Damascus’ isolation for the stability of West Asia.
Moreover, they want some sort of repatriation of refugees back into Syria and a curb on the trade of captagon, a highly addictive amphetamine produced in the country.
The international community outside of the region – Russia aside – has largely washed its hands of responsibility for Syria. There is a vacuum and this is where the regional powers have come in.
Another catalyst in Syria’s rehabilitation is the China-brokered re-establishment of diplomatic relations between regional powerhouse Saudi Arabia and its arch enemy, Iran.

About the Arab League

Formally the League of Arab States, it is a regional organization in the Arab world, which is located in Northern Africa, Western Africa, Eastern Africa, and Western Asia.
The Arab League was formed in Cairo on 22 March 1945, initially with six members: Egypt, Iraq, Transjordan, Lebanon, Saudi Arabia, and Syria.
The official headquarters of the League was the Boustan Palace in Cairo.
A common market was established in 1965.

Membership

Currently, the League has 22 members.
The Charter of the Arab League, also known as the Pact of the League of Arab States, is the founding treaty of the Arab League. Adopted in 1945, it stipulates that “the League of Arab States shall be composed of the independent Arab States that have signed this Pact.”
22 member states: Algeria, Bahrain, Comoros, Djibouti, Egypt, Iraq, Jordan, Kuwait, Lebanon, Libya, Mauritania, Morocco, Oman, Palestine, Qatar, Saudi Arabia, Somalia, Sudan, Syria, Tunisia, United Arab Emirates and Yemen. (Iran – NOT a Member )
5 observer states: Armenia, Brazil, Eritrea, India and Venezuela.