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From Gupta to Mughal history of Krishna Janam Sthan

  • December 18, 2023
  • Posted by: OptimizeIAS Team
  • Category: DPN Topics
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From Gupta to Mughal history of Krishna Janam Sthan

Subject :History

Section: Art and Culture

Context: The Allahabad High Court has ordered a survey of the Shai Idgah mosque

Some facts about the Krishna Janam Sthan:

  • The Krishna Janmasthan, the birthplace of Lord Krishna, has a rich history dating back 2,000 years.
  • The site, located in Mathura along the Yamuna river, gained significance during the Mauryan era.
  • The first Vaishnava temple was likely built in the 1st century CE, with a grander temple constructed during the reign of Chandragupta II around 400 CE.
  • Mahmud of Ghazni’s plundering raids in the 11th century impacted Buddhist and Jain centers but did not destroy Krishna worship.
  • The decline of temples during the Delhi Sultanate gave rise to a new form of Vaishnavism, propagated by saints like Nimbarka, Vallabha, and Chaitanya.
  • Under the early Mughals, religious activity in Braj flourished, and Akbar made land and revenue grants to various Vaishnavite sects.
  • In 1618, Raja Veer Singh Deo built a grand temple at the Katra site.
  • In 1650, the grand temple at Mathura, as described by French traveler Jean-Baptiste Tavernier, exhibited a unique octagonal shape and was constructed with red sandstone.
  • Venetian travelerNiccolao Manucci, visiting in the late 1650s, noted its impressive height, with a gilded pinnacle visible from Agra.
  • In 1660, Aurangzeb appointed Abdul Nabi Khan as the governor of Mathura, a figure disliked by the Hindu population.
  • Subsequently, in 1661-62, Khan constructed the Jama Masjid at the site where Sikandar Lodhi had previously destroyed a temple.
  • In 1666, Abdul Nabi Khan dismantled the protective railing erected by Dara Shikoh around the Keshavdev temple.
  • In 1669, Aurangzeb issued a royal farmaan ordering the destruction of all Hindu schools and temples, across the Mughal Empire.
  • The Kashi Vishwanath temple in Kashi was destroyed after the farmaan was issued.
  • In 1670, he specifically ordered the destruction of Mathura’s Keshavdev temple, and sponsored the construction of the Shahi Idgah in its place
  • In 1803, Mathura came under the control of the British East India Company.
  • In 1815, the Company auctioned 13.37 acres of land at the Katra Keshavdev site to Raja Patnimal, a wealthy banker from Varanasi.
  • The ownership of this land is currently subject to ongoing litigation, with the Hindu side claiming it included the Shahi Idgah mosque, while the Muslim side disputes this.
  • Despite Raja Patnimal’s desire to construct a temple on the site, financial constraints prevented its realization. Facing lawsuits related to the land, his descendants sold it in 1944 to industrialist Jugal Kishore Birla.
  • In 1951, the Shri Krishna Janmabhoomi Trust was established by Birla to facilitate the construction of a temple at the site.
  • Construction commenced in 1953 and was completed in 1983, shaping the temple’s current form, situated adjacent to the Shahi Idgah mosque.
From Gupta to Mughal history of Krishna Janam Sthan History

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