Korea ruling party head wants to cancel powers of President

Sub : IR

Sec: Places in news

Context:

South Korea’s ruling party chief expressed support for suspending President Yoon Suk Yeol’s constitutional powers following his controversial declaration of martial law earlier this week. The decision was overturned by Parliament within hours.

Call for impeachment:

Opposition parties are pushing for a parliamentary vote to impeach Yoon, calling his actions unconstitutional and illegal.
They need support from some members of the ruling People Power Party (PPP) to secure the necessary two-thirds majority for impeachment.

Impeachment process:

To impeach President Yoon, opposition parties need 200 votes in the National Assembly.
If the impeachment motion passes, President Yoon would be suspended from office until the Constitutional Court makes a final decision on his removal.
During this period, Prime Minister Han Duck-soo would assume the responsibilities of the presidency.

Martial Law:

Martial law is the imposition of military control over normal civilian functions of government, typically in response to emergencies or perceived threats to national security.
Under martial law, the military assumes control over key government functions, often replacing civilian law enforcement and judicial systems.
Civil rights and freedoms may be suspended, and the military may have the authority to arrest individuals, enforce curfews, and control public gatherings.

Martial Law in India:

India does not have an explicit provision for martial law like South Korea.
However, it is implicit in Article 34 under which martial law can be declared in any area within the territory of India.
This provision in Article 34 empowers the Parliament to indemnify any government servant or any other person for any act done by him in connection with the maintenance or restoration of order in any area where martial law was in force.