Ocean energy systems

Ocean energy systems

Context: National Institute of Ocean Technology, is currently coordinating the development of the maiden ocean energy-powered desalination plant, at Kavaratti island in Lakshadweep. The plant is presently powered by diesel.

Ocean Energy:

• Ocean energy is a form of renewable energy which can be harnessed with the power of waves, currents, tides, temperature gradients and salinity gradients.
• The energy from oceans can be harvested in the following forms:

1. Tidal Energy
   • The difference in water level from low tide and high tide is potential energy that can be harnessed.
   • Similar to hydropower generated from dams, tidal water is captured in a barrage across an estuary during high tide and forced through a turbine during low tide
2. Wave Energy
   • Wave energy is generated by the movement of a device either floating on the surface of the ocean or moored to the ocean floor by the force generated by the ocean waves
   • The kinetic energy pumps fluid through turbines and generates electric power
3. Current Energy
   • Kinetic energy can be captured from the ocean currents, and other tidal currents with submerged turbines that are very similar in appearance to miniature wind turbines
   • Similar to wind turbines, the movement of the marine current moves the rotor blades to generate electric power
4. Ocean Thermal Energy Conversion (OTEC)
   • Ocean thermal energy conversion, or OTEC, uses ocean temperature differences from the surface to depths lower than 1,000 meters, to harness energy. A temperature difference of even 20°C can yield energy efficiently.
5. Osmotic Energy
   • This technique produces energy from the movement of water across a membrane between a saltwater reservoir and fresh water reservoir.

About Deep Ocean Mission https://optimizeias.com/deep-ocean-mission-gets-rs-600-crore/