Type 1 DIABETES LEADING CAUSE OF DIABETES DEATH BELOW 25

Type 1 DIABETES LEADING CAUSE OF DIABETES DEATH BELOW 25

TOPIC: Science & Tech

Context- Type 1 diabetes in those below 25 years accounted for at least 73.7 per cent of the overall 16,300 diabetes deaths in this age group in 2019, according to a new study by LANCET

Concept-

• The United Nations and the World Health Organization in the 2013-2020 global action plan had recognised diabetes as one of the key challenges in the non-communicable diseases group and aimed to confront it.
• Diabetes mortality is high in sub-Saharan Africa, parts of central and southeast Asia, Oceania and Latin America and the Caribbean, and will likely increase, the researchers observed.

Diabetes:

• Diabetes is a Non-Communicable Disease (NCD) that occurs either when the pancreas does not produce enough insulin (a hormone that regulates blood sugar, or glucose), or when the body cannot effectively use the insulin it produces.
• Type I diabetes: It is also known as juvenile diabetes (as it mostly affects children of age 14-16 years), this type occurs when the body fails to produce sufficient insulin.
  • People with type I diabetes are insulin-dependent, which means they must take artificial insulin daily to stay alive.
• Type 2 diabetes: It affects the way the body uses insulin. While the body still makes insulin, unlike in type I, the cells in the body do not respond to it as effectively as they once did. The population with 45 and above age group is the most affected with it. This is the most common type of diabetes and it has strong links with obesity.
• Gestational diabetes: This type occurs in women during pregnancy when the body sometimes becomes less sensitive to insulin. Gestational diabetes does not occur in all women and usually resolves after giving birth.
• Diabetes affects the five major organs namely, Kidney, Heart, Blood vessels, Nervous System, and Eyes (retina).