Water gushes out from underground in Rajasthan village: What is ‘artesian condition’, responsible for it?

Sub : Geo

Sec : Indian Physical Geography

Context:

Recently, residents of Taranagar village in Jaisalmer, Rajasthan, witnessed a rare event when large amounts of water began gushing out of the ground after a farmer in the Mohangarh area had a tube well drilled.
This unusual event drew attention and sparked various speculations, including connections to the ancient Saraswati River.
However, scientists have explained that the occurrence was related to a geological phenomenon known as an “artesian condition”.

What is Artesian Condition:

In an artesian system, water is stored under pressure between layers of impermeable rock or sediment. Artesian water flows naturally due to the underground pressure when a rupture (such as drilling) occurs. This pressure forces the water upwards toward the surface.
The term “artesian” is derived from the region of Artois in France, where the most famous flowing artesian wells were drilled during the Middle Ages.
Artesian water typically resides at much greater depths compared to regular groundwater, and its natural flow occurs only when the confined layers above it are punctured.
Similar artesian conditions have been recorded in desert regions of other parts of the world, including Australia and Africa.