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    World Gorilla Day 2024: Did Hanno the Navigator actually see the great ape on his voyage in the 5th century BCE?

    • September 24, 2024
    • Posted by: OptimizeIAS Team
    • Category: DPN Topics
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    World Gorilla Day 2024: Did Hanno the Navigator actually see the great ape on his voyage in the 5th century BCE?

    Sub: Env

    Sec: Species in news

    World Gorilla Day (September 24)

    Purpose:

    • Celebrate gorillas, our close relatives
    • Promote their protection
    • Supported by the Convention on the Conservation of Migratory Species of Wild Animals

    Origin of the Name:

    • Coined in 1847 by Thomas Staughton Savage (US missionary) and Jeffries Wyman (naturalist)
    • Based on specimens found in Liberia
      • Liberia was founded to resettle former slaves and free black people from the Americas

    Connection to Ancient History: Hanno’s Voyage

    The Periplus of Hanno:

    • Ancient text describing a Carthaginian voyage along the West African coast
    • Led by Admiral Hanno from Carthage
    • Intended for colonisation, became an exploration
    • The “Gorillai” Encounter:
      • Mentioned in the final sections of the text
      • Describes creatures that may have inspired the term “gorilla”
      • Debate over whether these were humans, apes, or mythical beings

    About Gorillas:

    CategoryDetails
    Classification
    • Genus: Gorilla
    • Species: Eastern gorilla and Western gorilla
    Genetic Relation to Humans
    • DNA similarity: 95-99% (depending on what’s included)
    • Next closest living relatives after chimpanzees
    Physical Characteristics
    • Largest living primates
    • Height: 1.25-1.8 meters
    • Weight: 100-270 kg
    • Arm span: Up to 2.6 meters
    • Variations based on species and sex
    • Gorillas are peaceful creatures, similar to bonobos
    Social Structure
    • Live in troops
    • Led by a silverback
    Lifespan
    • 35-40 years in the wild
    Species Distinctions
    • Eastern gorillas: Darker fur, minor morphological differences
    • Western gorillas: Lighter fur
    Habitat
    • General: Tropical or subtropical forests in Sub-Saharan Africa
    • Wide range of elevations
    • Mountain gorillas: Albertine Rift montane cloud forests (Virunga Volcanoes)
    • Altitude: 2,200-4,300 meters
    • Lowland gorillas: Dense forests, swamps, marshes
    • Western lowland: Central West African countries
    • Eastern lowland: Democratic Republic of the Congo (near Rwanda border)
    Population
    • Western gorillas: ~316,000 in the wild
    • Eastern gorillas: ~5,000 in the wild
    Conservation Status
    • Both species: Critically Endangered (IUCN)
    • Exception: Mountain gorilla subspecies (Endangered)
    Threats
    • Poaching
    • Habitat destruction
    • Disease
    Conservation Efforts
    • Efforts have been successful in some areas

    Source: DTE

    Environment World Gorilla Day 2024
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