Daily Practice Sheet 19 May 2021

May 19, 2021
Posted by: OptimizeIAS Team
Category: DPS

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Daily Practice Sheet

19 May 2021

Daily Prelims Topic

R Value
INS Kolkata
PVTGs
Micro climatic shift leading to increased cyclone intensity and extreme events
Fertilizers pricing
Cairn Energy-Air India dispute
G20
Exhaust scrubbers in Ship to address air pollution:
Waqf board
Colombo port city
Naming for virus variants
Protein antibody conjugate
Storage condition for Pfizer vaccine
Paleo Art
Elderline project

Daily Mapping

Tunisia

Daily Data

Climate change: Rise in extreme events in India

The CEEW said the country, in the last 50 years, has also recorded a 12-fold surge in the number of associated cyclonic events such as extreme rainfall, floods, sea-level rise, and thunderstorms and that the frequency and intensity of extreme weather events over the country as well as the Western coast is likely to increase over the coming decades
In Gujarat, as many as 29 districts are exposed to extreme climate events, with districts in Saurashtra region such as Amreli, GirSomnath, Junagadh, and Porbandar being “especially vulnerable to intensified cyclones and storm surges”, which have increased three-fold between 1970 and 2019.

Occupational Disease Burden

Long working hours led to 7.45 lakh deaths from stroke and ischemic heart disease in 2016, a 29% increase since 2000, according to the latest estimates by the World Health Organization (WHO) and the International Labour Organization (ILO) published in Environment International.
In a first global analysis of the loss of life and health associated with working long hours, WHO and ILO estimate that in 2016, 3.98 lakh people died from stroke and 3.47 lakh from heart disease as a result of having worked at least 55 hours a week.
Between 2000 and 2016, the number of deaths from heart disease due to working long hours increased by 42%, and from stroke by 19%.
This work-related disease burden is particularly significant in men (72% of deaths occurred among males), people living in the Western Pacific and South-East Asia regions, and middle-aged or older workers. Most of the deaths recorded were among people dying aged 60-79 years, who had worked for 55 hours or more per week between the ages of 45 and 74 years.
The study concludes that working 55 or more hours per week is associated with an estimated 35% higher risk of a stroke and a 17% higher risk of dying from ischemic heart disease, compared to working 35-40 hours a week.

Health

As per government reports, India has 1.7 nurses per 1,000 population and a doctor to patient ratio of 1:1,404 — this is well below the WHO norm of three nurses per 1,000 population and a doctor to patient ratio of 1:1,100.
The 2020 Human Development Report shows that India has five hospital beds per 10,000 people — one of the lowest in the world.
Nearly 60% of known infectious diseases and up to 75% of new or emerging infectious diseases are zoonotic in origin

Daily Mains Mantra

Mains 2021

Daily Mini Practice – 30 Minutes

Topic:

Separation of powers between various organs of the government
Dispute redressal mechanisms and institutions
Comparison of India’s constitutional scheme with other countries
Pressure groups
Formal & Informal associations and their role in the polity

1. What do you understand by doctrine of separation of power? In this context critically examine role of judicial activism in Indian democracy. [Reference: Press Reader]

Hint: The questions focus is basically on how the judicial activism has led to rising concerns over violation of the principle of separation of power in Indian democracy.

Introduction (I): Define separation of power and how it is significant in modern democracy.

Body (B): 1) Talk about judicial activism and positive role it has played and how it is part of Checks and balances as present in Indian Parliamentary democracy. (Mentioning court case very important)

2) Now discuss how judicial activism more often translates into judicial overreach and encroaches executive and legislative sphere (Again examples and cases needed).

Conclusion (C): Judicial activism should be used only as medicine and not daily bread.

2. Compare and contrast impeachment process of the President in India and USA?

Hint: This is a straightforward question with a comparative approach in tabular format of the similarity and differences in the impeachment processes in the two systems.

3. What are pressure groups? Analyze the methods used by the farmer’s organizations to influence the policy-makers in India and how effective are these methods? [Reference: Indian Express]

Hint: Again a direct question with the focus on current context in terms of the farmer’s protest. Here, also along with the argument, examples will be the strength of the answer.

Introduction (I): Define pressure groups and tools they used to achieve their purpose.

Body (B): 1) Mention various methods farmers use to influence the policy-makers (protest, reaching out to leadership, Activism, Awareness generation, lobbying etc)

Conclusion (C): Farmer’s organisation as a pressure group is very strong, yet, division among various groups and on identity lines have been a major barrier. This needs to be overcome to present farmers as one group.

Newspaper

GS2: Governance

The current pandemic has once again highlighted India’s health worker brain drain. Elaborate. Discuss the need of framing policies that promote circular migration and return migration of such skilled health workers to boost quality of healthcare in India. [Reference: Indian Express]

GS 2: International Relations

India’s tightrope walk through the decades over Israel-Palestine has gone from being unequivocally pro-Palestine for the first four decades, to a tense balancing act with its three-decade-old friendly ties with Israel. In this context critically examine India’s approach to one of the world’s worst inter-state contestation. [Reference: Indian Express]

GS3: Economy