Daily Practice Sheet 25 March 2022

Urbanisation:

A NITI Aayog study (Urban Planning Capacity in India, September 2021) found that 65 per cent of the 7,933 urban settlements do not have any master plan at all.
The demand-supply gap for clean water will increase 3.5 times the 2007 level to 94 billion litres per day by 2030. In the same period, the demand-supply gap in sewage treatment doubles to 109 billion litres per day. The demand-supply gap in solid waste management quadruples to 82 million tonnes per annum. The availability of rail-based mass transit in cities is estimated to increase from 990 directional route kilometres in 2007 to 1,990 directional route kilometres by 2030, by which time the demand would have risen to a whopping 8,400 directional RKMs. And the shortfall in affordable housing units will have risen to 38 million units by then.

India is the leading contributor to the global burden of TB, with over 2 million infections out of a global count of 10 million. The largest killer infectious disease globally, TB took 1.5 million lives in 2020, of which 85,000 were from India.
Nearly 10.4 per cent of TB infections in India are among the tribal people who constitute 8.6 per cent of the country’s population. The National Family Health Survey (NFHS) 4 data show a 1.5 times higher self-report of TB in tribal people compared to non-tribal people in 70 per cent of tribal districts.

GS 1: Geography

GS 1: Society

GS 2: Polity

Despite Centre’s push, ULBs across States not keen on initiating financial reforms. Comment. [Reference: Business Line]
Indian urbanisation is characterised by rise of census towns. Discuss. [Reference: Business Line]

GS 3: Economy

What do you understand by Food Insecurity? How can it be measured? [Reference: Indian Express]
Discuss the potential of agri-tech. [Reference: Business Line]