5G software updates in phones

5G software updates in phones

Subject : Science and Technology

Context:

• Govt to push Apple, Samsung for 5G software updates in phones
• The Ministry of Electronics and IT (MeitY) and Department of Telecommunications (DoT) will meet with key smartphone makers like Apple, Samsung, and Google to push for them to roll out software updates to their phones to support 5G in the country.

Concerns : several 5G-enabled smartphones are not ready for the recently launched high-speed service:

• MeitY and DoT will ask the smartphone markets to enable their handsets to support 5G, across both the standalone (SA) and non-standalone (NSA) architecture and release software and firmware updates over the air to support the high-speed network.
  • Under SA, which Reliance Jio has opted for, the 5G network can operate with dedicated equipment, and run parallel to the existing 4G network,
  • whereas in NSA, which is being deployed by Airtel, operators can maximise the utilisation of their existing network infrastructure with relatively lower investment.
• At the moment, a number of 5G-enabled smartphones sold in the country are not supporting the data speeds.
• For instance, several smartphones made by prominent manufacturers such as Apple, Samsung, Google and OnePlus currently do not support Airtel 5G.
• In the case of Apple, the manufacturer is yet to update its software to support Airtel’s 5G for all of the iPhones that support the technology, that is starting from the iPhone 12 series to the latest iPhone 14 series.
• 5G services were officially launched in the country on October 1.
• For consumers, 5G will provide superior internet speed and low latency. At its peak, internet speeds on 5G could touch 10 Gbps, compared to the 100 Mbps peak of 4G. Similarly, latency under 4G is between 10-100 ms (millisecond), whereas it is expected to be under 1 ms on 5G. Latency is the time it takes for a device to send packets of data and get a response.
• Among the three major telecom operators, Bharti Airtel has rolled out its 5G services in eight cities including Delhi, Mumbai, Varanasi and Bengaluru, and said the rest of the country would get it by March 2024.
• Reliance Jio is set to launch 5G in metro cities by Diwali this year, and in the rest of the country by 2023-end. Vodafone Idea has not announced a timeline yet.

Features of 5G :

• 5G is the fifth generation cellular technology that apart from increasing the downloading and uploading speeds over the mobile network, also reduces the latencye. the time taken by a network to respond.
• 5G will provide download speed of 1 Gbps, which is at least 100 times the existing data speeds.
• It also increases energy efficiency and offers more stable network connections.
• 5G will have a wider area in the frequency spectrum (range of frequencies) that will ensure no network congestion.
• In addition, it will also ensure connectivity to a full circle i.e. everything is connected to every other thing.
• 5G is based on OFDM (orthogonal frequency-division multiplexing). It is a method that reduces interference by modulating a digital signal across different channels.