Betta – Kuruba Tribes included in the ST list of Karnataka
- December 20, 2022
- Posted by: OptimizeIAS Team
- Category: DPN Topics
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Betta – Kuruba Tribes included in the ST list of Karnataka
Subject: Polity
Context:
- The Lok Sabha passed the Constitution (Scheduled Tribes) Order (Fourth Amendment) Bill, 2022 to include Betta-Kuruba in the Scheduled Tribes (STs) list of Karnataka as a synonym for the already categorised Kadu-Kuruba tribe in the State.
Process for inclusion in the ST List
- Under article 341 (2) of the Constitution the power to make changes to the SC and ST list lies with the Parliament and not state legislatures.
- Any change in the lists of the Scheduled Castes and Tribes requires a constitutional amendment.
- In the case of STs, the community must be shown to be a tribe which is isolated, and lives in vulnerable conditions. This has to be proved anthropologically.
- The process to include tribes in the ST list begins with the recommendation from the respective State governments, which are then sent to the Tribal Affairs Ministry, which reviews and sends them to the Registrar General of India for approval.
- This is followed by the National Commission for Scheduled Tribes’ approval before the list is sent to the Cabinet for a final decision.
- Once the cabinet finalizes it, then it introduces a bill in the parliament to amend the Constitution (Scheduled Castes) Order, 1950, and the Constitution (Scheduled Tribes) Order, 1950.
About Betta – Kurua Tribes
- The Betta Kuruba tribe lives in the hilly regions of Karnataka and is one of the few indigenous communities of the Nilgiris.
- They belong to the Hindu caste native to the Indian states of Karnataka, Tamil Nadu, Andhra Pradesh and Telangana.
- Traditionally, the Kuruba people drew sustenance from hunting, gathering and collecting wild honey.
- They practised sheep/goat and cattle pastoralism, in that they either herded exclusively sheep, or a mixed herd of sheep and goats, or cattle.
- They are generally believed to be the descendants of the Pallavas.
- Consanguineous marriages like cross-cousin marriages are preferred among the Kurumbas.
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About Rwanda
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- Democratic Republic of Congo (DRC)
- Burundi
- Tanzania
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