Environmentalists alarmed as Himachal witnesses shift in snowfall patterns

Sub: Geo

Sec: Climatology

Context:

Himachal Pradesh is experiencing a reduction in snow cover and a shift in snowfall patterns from winter to early summer, raising concerns about climate variability in the Himalayas.
The decrease in snow during peak winter months (December and January) could affect summer water availability, as winter snow sustains river discharge.

Study Findings on Snow Cover:

A study by the Centre on Climate Change of Himachal Pradesh Council for Science Technology-Environment (HIMCOSTE) shows a 12.72% decrease in snow-covered areas across major river basins (Satluj, Ravi, Chenab, and Beas) in 2023-24 compared to 2022-23.
Early winter months (October-November) saw a decrease in snow cover, except for a slight increase in the Ravi basin. The peak winter months (December-January) showed a negative trend, with the worst affected being January.
However, February and March saw an increase in snow cover in all basins, and April experienced fresh snowfall, increasing the snow-covered area.

Concerns and Implications:

The late snowfall extending into April may not be beneficial, as rising temperatures could accelerate melting, affecting river discharge during peak summer.
Environmentalists and scientists note a worrying trend of reduced snowfall in peak winter months and a shift toward late winter or early summer, impacting hydropower, water sources, and ecosystems.

Source: TH