Friday Factly 22 January 2021

January 22, 2021
Posted by: OptimizeIAS Team
Category: Friday Factly

General Studies-1

Gender Divide

A Harvard University study in 2018 found a 33 per cent gender gap in mobile ownership in India. When it came to social media use and smart phone ownership, the gap was above 60per cent.

Unpaid work/Gender Divide

As per NSSO’s Time Use Survey 2019, 92% of the women in the 15-59 age group reported doing unpaid daily housework vis-a-vis 29% of men, and women spend a lot more time on domestic work, too, (299 minutes versus 97 minutes for men). This has surely come down from the days when the corresponding figures were 352 minutes versus 57 minutes—then the widest such gap in the world.
Only 38% of women in the country own any land or a house

General Studies -2

Start-Ups

44 per cent recognized startups have women directors and number of women working in these start up is very high
45 per cent startups are in tier 2 and tier 3 cities, working as the brand ambassadors of the local products
In 2014 only 4 Indian startups were in the ‘unicorn club’ now, more than 30 startups have crossed the 1 billon mark
11 startups entered the ‘unicorn club’ in 2020 during the Corona time

General Studies -3

Global warming

According to a statement released by the World Meteorological Organization (WMO), 2020 is among the three warmest years ever recorded on Earth. In December, the global organisation had declared 2011-2020 as the warmest ever decade, with the warming trend noticed with each passing decade since the 1980s.

Agriculture

By 2030, the country is likely to have almost 600 million people living in urban areas, who would need safe food from the hinterlands. Indian agriculture has an average holding size of 1.08 hectare (2015-16 data), while engaging 42 per cent of the country’s workforce.

Tax devolution

As a percentage of Centre’s gross tax receipts, tax transfers to states had jumped from 28% in FY13 to 35% in FY16, but has since fallen to 32.4% in FY20. (Mainly on account of increased dependence on cess).

Subsidy

On an average an amount of around Rs 5000-6000 is transferred to each farmer as fertilizer subsidy each year. (Department of fertiliser)

Fiscal deficit

The combined fiscal deficit of the states will hit a peak of Rs 8.7 lakh crore, or 4.7 per cent of their GDP, this fiscal according to a Crisil study.