Friday Factly 3 December 2021

GENERAL STUDIES 1

Deprived section

One in every four people in India was multidimensional poor.

Poverty

Nearly 35 per cent of Africa’s population (465 million people) could be living in extreme poverty by the end of 2021 because of COVID-19 and extreme weather events.

GENERAL STUDIES 2

Health

• Some 37.6 per cent Indian households are deprived of healthy nutrition levels. A household is considered deprived if any child between the ages of 0 and 59 months, or woman between the ages of 15 and 49 years, or man between the ages of 15 and 54 years — for whom nutritional information is available — is found to be undernourished.
• Some 2.7 per cent households have reported child and adolescent mortality. A household is deprived if any child or adolescent under 18 years of age has died in the household in the five-year period preceding the survey.
• Some 22.6 per cent households have been deprived of maternal health. A household is deprived if any woman in the household who has given birth in the five years preceding the survey has not received at least four antenatal care visits for the most recent birth or has not received assistance from trained skilled medical personnel during the most recent childbirth.
• Out-of-pocket expenditure (OOPE) as a share of total health expenditure and foreign aid for health has both come down as per the findings of the National Health Accounts (NHA) estimates for India for 2017-18.
• As a share of total health expenditure, the OOPE has come down to 48.8% in 2017- 18 from 64.2% in 2013-14. Even in the case of per capita OOPE, there has been a decline from ₹2,336 to ₹2,097 between 2013-14 and 2017-18

Education

• At least 13.9 per cent households have a member aged 10 years or older who has not completed six years of schooling. At least 6.4 per cent households have a school-aged child not attending school up to the age at which he / she would complete class 8.

Drug:

• According to a report by the United Nations Office on Drugs and Crime (UNODC), opium production in Afghanistan has crossed 6,000 tonnes for the fifth consecutive year. The reported rise in global opium prices has resulted in the exponential production of opiates increasing by 8%.

GENERAL STUDIES 3

Standard of Living

• At least 58.5 per cent households have dung, agricultural crops, shrubs, wood, charcoal or coal as their primary source of cooking fuel. At least 52 per cent households are with unimproved or no sanitation facility or are sharing their resources with other households.
• At least 14.6 per cent households do not have access to improved drinking water or safe drinking water is more than a 30-minute walk from home (as a round trip).

Informal Economy:

• The 17th Conference (2003), informal workers were defined as those without social security. Based on these definitions, internationally, comparable estimates of both types of informality are available. India’s levels are 80% and 91%, respectively.

Cybersecurity

• CERT-In has reported that a total number of 17,560, 24,768, 26,121 and 25,870 Indian websites were hacked during the years 2018, 2019, 2020 and 2021 (up to October), respectively

Disaster

• Lightning strikes killed 2,862 Indians in 2020.

Food wastage

• Each Indian household generates food waste at the rate of 50 kilogram per capita per year, which is lower than many developed countries.