India is pitching for a 30X30 vision at the Montreal biodiversity COP
- December 14, 2022
- Posted by: OptimizeIAS Team
- Category: DPN Topics
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India is pitching for a 30X30 vision at the Montreal biodiversity COP
Subject : Environment
Context-
- Governments will aim to adopt the Post-2020 Global Biodiversity Framework (GBF), often referred to as the ‘Paris Agreement for nature’, to halt and reverse nature loss by 2030 at the Fifteenth meeting of the Conference of Parties on Convention of Biological Diversity (CBD) undergoing in Montreal, Canada.
Post-2020 Global Biodiversity Framework (GBF)-
- It will be the first global framework on biodiversity adopted since the Aichi Biodiversity Targets were agreed upon in 2010, none of which, according to a 2020 CBD report, were fully met.
- The draft GBF, set to replace the Aichi targets, comprises a suite of 22 action-oriented targets and four goals proposed for 2030.
- The targets will aid humans “living in harmony” with nature by 2050.
- The GBF targets range from reducing pollution, preventing or reducing the rate of introduction of invasive alien species, to all businesses assessing and reporting on their dependence and impacts on biodiversity and reducing their negative impacts.
About 30X30 target-
- The foundation of the GBF agreement is a pledge to protect 30% of the world’s land and oceans by 2030, usually referred to as the 30X30 goal.
- The 30X30 target was first floated in 2019 in an article AGlobal Deal for Nature: Guiding principles, milestones, and targets published in Science Advances.
- This then became the global call of the High Ambition Coalition for Nature and People in 2020 and as of October 2022, more than 100 countries are part of it.
- Countries have to commit to protecting 30 per cent of the land and sea by 2030 under this goal.
Global Youth Biodiversity Network (GYBN)-
- The Global Youth Biodiversity Network (GYBN) is an international network of youth organisations and individuals from all over the world whose common goal is to prevent the loss of biodiversity.
- The recent youth summit was held from 3-5 December under the aegis of CoP15 of the CBD.
- Aim- to organise, network, learn new skills, exchange knowledge, and share their hopes and concerns for COP 15.
Other effective area-based conservation measures (OECMs)-
An OECM is defined by the CBD as:
- A geographically defined area other than a Protected Area, which is governed and managed in ways that achieve positive and sustained long-term outcomes for the in-situ conservation of biodiversity, with associated ecosystem functions and services and where applicable, cultural, spiritual, socio–economic, and other locally relevant values.
- Governments, relevant organizations, Indigenous peoples and local communities are invited to apply voluntary guidance on OECMs to identify, recognise and support OECMs, and report data on OECMs to the World Database on OECMs.
Objectives of OECMs-
- Promote equitable governance, effective management and positive conservation outcomes.
- Increase coverage of ecologically representative areas of particular importance for biodiversity and ecosystem functions and services.
- Support the recovery of threatened species.
- Enhance connectivity between protected and conserved areas and across landscapes and seascapes.
- Foster engagement with a diverse range of rights-holders and stakeholders who contribute to area-based conservation outside of protected areas.
- Support sustainable livelihoods and provide a framework to help transform sectoral practices.
- Address climate change by contributing to net-zero climate targets and building resilience to the physical impacts of climate change through nature-based solutions.
High Ambition Coalition (HAC) for Nature and People-
- A group of more than 70 countries encouraging the adoption of the global goal to protect 30% of land and seascapes by 2030.
- It was launched in 2019 by Costa Rica, France and Britain.
- It is co-chaired by Costa Rica and France and the Ocean co-chair belongs to the United Kingdom.
- India is the first among BRICS countries to be a part of this coalition.