LiDAR TECHNOLOGY

Subject : Science & tech

Context :To conduct ground survey for the Delhi-Varanasi high speed rail corridor, Indian Railways will use the LiDAR (Light Detection and Ranging) technique with laser-enabled equipment mounted on a helicopter, said the National High Speed Rail Corporation Limited (NHSRCL).

Concept:

• Lidar, which stands for Light Detection and Ranging, is a remote sensing method that uses light in the form of a pulsed laser to measure ranges (variable distances) to the Earth.
• These light pulses combined with other data recorded by the airborne system- generate precise, three-dimensional information about the shape of the Earth and its surface characteristics.
• A lidar instrument principally consists of a laser, a scanner, and a specialized GPS receiver. Airplanes and helicopters are the most commonly used platforms for acquiring lidar data over broad areas.
• Two types of lidar are topographic and bathymetric. Topographic lidar typically uses a near-infrared laser to map the land, while bathymetric lidar uses water-penetrating green light to also measure seafloor and riverbed elevations.
• Lidar systems allow scientists and mapping professionals to examine both natural and manmade environments with accuracy, precision, and flexibility.