Lisbon Declaration
- July 4, 2022
- Posted by: OptimizeIAS Team
- Category: DPN Topics
Lisbon Declaration
Subject :Environment
Section: Climate change
Context: The second United Nations Oceans Conference took place in Lisbon, focusing on the protection of life under water, as dictated by U.N. Sustainable Development Goal No. 14 which aims to protect life below water.
- Lisbon Declaration is a suite of science-based and innovative actions, taking into account the capacity challenges facing developing countries, in particular, Small Island Developing States and Least Developing Countries, at the frontline of the devastating impacts of the ocean emergency
- Conference has been co-hosted by Portugal and Kenya
- More than 100 nations pledged to protect 30% of their oceans by 2030 by joining the High Ambition Coalition for Nature and People. There were announcements about new and expanded marine protected areas (MPAs), including in Colombia, Guatemala, Portugal, Uruguay and more
- Goal of protecting 30% of the world’s land and sea area by the decade’s end is also a target under the N. Convention on Biological Diversity (CBD) under 30 by 30 target.
- Participants formed several new alliances at the UNOC, including an alliance of nations calling for a moratorium on deep-sea mining, A coalition of NGOs unveiled a new atlas to track illegal trawling in protected regions of the Mediterranean.
- Norway announced it would become the first European country to share its vessel-tracking data with Global Fishing Watch, a website launched in September 2016 by Google in partnership with Oceana and SkyTruth “to provide the world’s first global view of commercial fishing activities.”
The High Ambition Coalition (HAC) for Nature and People
- It is an intergovernmental group of more than 100 countries co-chaired by Costa Rica and France and by the United Kingdom as Ocean co-chair, championing a global deal for nature and people with the central goal of protecting at least 30 percent of world’s land and ocean by 2030.
- The High Ambition Coalition for Nature and People was officially launched in January 2021 at the One Planet Summit on biodiversity, led by Costa Rica and France at the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change (UNFCCC) pre-COP25 in San José in 2019. The coalition is currently co-chaired by Costa Rica, France, and the United Kingdom as ocean co-chair.
30×30 target
- It is a global target which aims to halt the accelerating loss of species, and protect vital ecosystems that are the source of our economic security.is a worldwide initiative for governments to designate 30% of Earth’s land and oceanarea as protected areas by 2030.
- The target was proposed by a 2019 article in Science Advances“A Global Deal for Nature: Guiding principles, milestones, and targets”, highlighting the need for expanded nature conservation efforts to mitigate climate change.Launched by the High Ambition Coalition for Nature and People in 2020, more than 50 nations had agreed to the initiative by January 2021, which increased to more than 95 countries by June 2022. 30 by 30 was promoted at the COP15 meeting of the Convention on Biological Diversity.This includes the G7and European Union.
- $5b funding called the “Protecting Our Planet Challenge” was announced for the initiative in September 2021.
- The initiative has attracted controversy over indigenous rightsissues
The Marine Protection Atlas (MPAtlas)
- is building a comprehensive global database of marine protection to identify, monitor, and advocate for fully and highly protected areas. It supports international progress toward effective marine conservation by integrating the latest available data on marine protected areas with science-based assessments that determine their stage of establishment and level of protection.
- MPAtlas combines self-reported data submitted by countries to the official World Database on Protected Areas (WDPA) with standardized, science-based assessments that categorize MPA zones in terms of expected outcomes and conservation benefits.
- Blue Parks* aim to unite a global ocean refuge system of effective MPAs that covers 30% of the ocean to safeguard marine biodiversity.
- Reports published SeaStates2021
Why 2022 is important for Ocean?
2022 has also become a super year for the ocean with a number of key breakthroughs with the Ocean Conference introducing a new chapter on ocean action. The UN Environment Assembly in March consensually agreed to begin negotiations for a binding global treaty to end plastic pollution. While last month, the World Trade Organization succeeded in reaching general consensus on banning harmful fisheries subsidies. This year’s Intergovernmental Conference on Marine Biodiversity of Areas Beyond National Jurisdiction could also lead to strengthening governance of the high seas. Later this year, the Conference of the Parties to the Convention on Biological Diversity (COP 15)is an opportunity to achieve a new target to protect 30 per cent of the planet’s lands and seas by 2030. UNFCCC COP 27, to take place in November, will see a focus on climate adaptation measures and financing required to build ocean resilience.