Low-Pressure System In Arabian Sea Set To Intensify Into Cyclonic Storm ‘Tej’
- October 21, 2023
- Posted by: OptimizeIAS Team
- Category: DPN Topics
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Low-Pressure System In Arabian Sea Set To Intensify Into Cyclonic Storm ‘Tej’
Subject: Geography
Section: Physical geography
Context:
A low-pressure area over the southeast and the adjoining southwest Arabian Sea has developed into a depression and is expected to intensify into a cyclonic storm by October 21 morning, the India Meteorological Department (IMD) said today.
How a Tropical Cyclone is Formed?
- Tropical Cyclones are a weather phenomenon.
- A tropical cyclone is formed only over warm ocean waters near the equator.
- Warm, moist air rises up and away from the ocean surface, creating an area of low pressure.
- It causes the air from surrounding areas with higher pressure to move towards the low-pressure area.
- This leads to warming up of air and causes it to rise above.
- As the air rises & cools, the water in the air forms clouds.
- This complete system of clouds and wind spins & grows, along with the ocean’s heat.
- As the wind rotation speed increases, an eye gets formed in the middle.
Characteristics of a Tropical Cyclone
- The center of a cyclone is very calm and clear with very low air pressure.
- The average speed is 120 kmph.
- They have closed isobars which leads to greater velocity.
- Isobars are imaginary lines on a weather map that connect locations with equal atmospheric pressure.
- They develop over oceans and sea only.
- They move from east to west under the influence of trade winds.
- They are seasonal in nature.
How are Cyclones Classified?
- Cyclones are classified on the basis of wind speed by the Indian Meteorological Department (IMD):
- Depression: Wind speeds of between 31–49 km/h
- Deep Depression: Between 50-61 km/h
- Cyclonic Storm: Between 62–88 km/h
- Severe Cyclonic Storm: Between 89-117 Km/h
- Very Severe Cyclonic Storm: Between 118-166 Km/h
- Extremely Severe Cyclonic Storm: Between 166-221 Km/h
- Super Cyclonic Storm: Above 222 Km/h
How are Tropical Cyclones Named?
- There are five tropical cyclone regional bodies in the world:
- ESCAP/WMO Typhoon Committee,
- WMO/ESCAP Panel on Tropical Cyclones,
- RA I Tropical Cyclone Committee,
- RA IV Hurricane Committee,
- RA V Tropical Cyclone Committee.
WMO/ESCAP Panel on Tropical Cyclones is responsible for naming of cyclones in the Indian Ocean.
About WMO/ESCAP Panel
- It is an intergovernmental regional body jointly established by the World Meteorological Organization (WMO) and the United Nations Economic and Social Commission for Asia-Pacific (ESCAP) in 1972.
Objective:
- To promote measures to improve tropical cyclone warning systems in the Bay of Bengal and the Arabian Sea region.
- It comprises thirteen countries in the region – Bangladesh, India, Iran, Maldives, Myanmar, Oman, Pakistan, Qatar, Saudi Arabia, Sri Lanka, Thailand, United Arab Emirates, Yemen.
- They contribute to a set of names which are assigned sequentially whenever a cyclonic storm develops.