Malabar exercise

Subject: Defence

Context:

Malabar Exercise

It is an annual exercise between the navies of India, Japan, and the U.S. held alternately in the Indian and Pacific Oceans.
It began in 1992 as a bilateral exercise between India and the U.S.
Then it got permanently expanded into a trilateral format with the inclusion of Japan in 2015.
With the addition of Australia, it has become a Quadilateral naval exercise between India, USA, Japan and Australia.
India and Japan defence forces organize a series of bilateral exercises namely, JIMEX, SHINYUU Maitri, and Dharma Guardian.
Whereas India and USA conduct Joint Military Exercises namely, YudhaAbhyas.
Other exercises between India and Australia are Pitch Black and AUSINDEX.