National Commission of Backward Classes (NCBC)

National Commission of Backward Classes (NCBC)

Subject: Polity

Context: The NCBC chairman said that he is in favour of the four sub-categories of OBCs which is being explored by the Justice G Rohini Commission.

Concept:

• Currently at the Central level a single category for OBC exists (they have 27% reservation quota). Some state like Bihar follow categorization at the state level. Ex- Bihar has two subcategories under OBC: OBC and EBC (Extremely backward classes).
• The commission was formed to address concern that only few affluent groups enjoy the benefit of OBC quota.

About NCBC:

• 102nd Constitution Amendment Act, 2018 provided constitutional status to the National Commission for Backward Classes (NCBC).
• Article 338B provides for NCBC and gives it authority to examine complaints and welfare measures regarding socially and educationally backward classes.
• The amendment also inserted Art 342 A which says that the President may specify the socially and educationally backward classes in the various states and union territories. He may do this in consultation with the Governor of the concerned state. However, a law of Parliament will be required if the list of backward classes is to be amended.

Power and functions of the NCBC includes:

• Investigating and monitoring how safeguards provided to the backward classes under the Constitution and other laws are being implemented.
• Inquiring into specific complaints regarding violation of rights.
• Advising and making recommendations on socio-economic development of such classes.
• The central and state governments will be required to consult with the NCBC on all major policy matters affecting the socially and educationally backward classes.
• It presents an annual report and such other times commission deems it fit to the President, who lays such reports before Parliament.
• NCBC has to discharge such other functions in relation to the protection, welfare and development and advancement of the socially and educationally backward classes as the President may, subject to the provisions of any law made by Parliament, by rule specify.
• Power to advice on inclusion in the Central List of OBCs.
• The commission has the power of a civil court. In this it can:

1. Summon people and examining them on oath
2. Requiring production of any document or public record
3. Receiving evidence