Rules to get disability certificates tweaked: the changes, why they are being opposed

Sub : Schemes

Sec :Vulnerable population

Context:

The government has introduced the Rights of Persons with Disabilities (Amendment) Rules, 2024 (RPwD Rules), aiming to enhance the processes for applying for disability certificates and Unique Disability Identity (UDID) cards.
These amendments come in light of recent controversies, including the dismissal of IAS probationer Puja Khedkar for alleged forgery of disability and caste certificates.

Key changes in the RPwD rules:

The RPwD Amendment Rules have made changes in Rule 17 and Rule 18.
Rule 17 relates to the mode of application, the authority to apply to, and the documents to be submitted.
Rule 18 relates to the issuance of disability certificates and UDID cards once the applications are received, and the timeframe to issue them.

Colour-coded cards:

The amended rules specify the issuance of color-coded UDID cards based on the severity of disability:
- White Card: For disabilities below 40%.
- Yellow Card: For disabilities between 40% and 80%.
- Blue Card: For disabilities of 80% and above.
The severity of disability is examined using the government’s assessment guidelines, which assess twenty-one different kinds of disabilities and their extent or severity.

Changes in submission of application:

Applications must be submitted exclusively through the UDID portal and statutory backing has been given to UDID cards.
Applications can only be made to a notified competent medical authority in the applicant’s district. This clarifies the previous ambiguity about the competent authority.
Additional documents required: Proof of identity, a recent photograph (not older than six months) and Aadhaar number.
UDID card can now be issued within three months as opposed to a month previously.
An application can be considered void if no decision is taken by the relevant medical authority for two years.

Criticism of the amendment:

The requirement to submit applications solely through the UDID portal assumes that all applicants are comfortable with digital technology, which may not be the case for many individuals in the disability community.
The emphasis on submitting applications to a notified competent medical authority limits access to independent medical experts from trusts and non-profits, who often assist in the certification process
Activists also argue that extending the issuance period to three months could delay urgent certifications needed for educational purposes or reservation benefits.