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Understanding the cosmos: Bizarre flash of light traced back to kilonova a billion light years away

  • December 9, 2022
  • Posted by: OptimizeIAS Team
  • Category: DPN Topics
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Understanding the cosmos: Bizarre flash of light traced back to kilonova a billion light years away

Subject : Science and Technology

Context-

  • A flash of light in the sky that astounded scientists by lasting close to a minute has been traced back to an explosion a billion light years away. The discovery has broken several assumptions about powerful explosions in the universe.

About the findings-

  • The source was found to be an astronomical event called a kilonova. The source was relatively closer- only 1 billion light years away.
  • Kilonovae is also known for its red colours, which is a signature of the rare, heavy elements like gold produced in their ejecta. These clues suggested that the source could be a kilonovae
  • The event produced very heavy elements about 1,000 times the mass of the Earth. This supports the idea that kilonovae are the main factories of gold in the universe.
  • These explosions take place during the merger of two neutron stars or a neutron star and a black hole.
  • Researchers could not identify whether the GRBs came from the merger of two neutron stars or a neutron star colliding with a black hole.
  • A neutron star is the collapsed core of a massive supergiant star, whereas a black hole is a place in space where gravity pulls so much that even light can not get out.
  • Stellar black holes are made when the centre of a very big star falls in upon itself or collapses.
  • When this happens, it causes a supernova — an exploding star that blasts part of the star into space.
  • Both kilonova and supernova produce the most energetic form of light called Gamma-ray burst (GRBs), the former is known to generate shorter pulses lasting less than 2 seconds. This new event, however, generated a GRB that lasted roughly 50 seconds.
  • GRBs can be divided into two classes: Long-duration (2 seconds to several minutes) and short-duration (a few milliseconds to 2 seconds) bursts.
  • This breaks the long-held traditional GRB paradigm that massive star collapses produce long GRBs and supernovae and neutron star mergers produce short GRBs and kilonovae.
Science and tech Understanding the cosmos: Bizarre flash of light traced back to kilonova a billion light years away
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