Why the Peace Nobel is awarded in Norway while other in Sweden

Why the Peace Nobel is awarded in Norway while other in Sweden

Subject: IR

Section: Awards

Why its given in Norway:

• The Nobel Peace Prize has been awarded by a Norwegian committee, appointed by the Norwegian Parliament, since 1901. 
• Alfred Nobel’s reasons for this choice are speculative, possibly rooted in admiration for Norwegian figures or concerns about political influence
• Some Nobel Historians believe that the Sweden history of militarism may have been one of the reasons.Moreover Sweden and Norway were a union which Norway joined reluctantly after Sweden invaded the country in 1814.

More details about Nobel Prize:

• The Nobel Prize was set up when businessman and entrepreneur Alfred Nobel died and left the majority of his fortune to the establishment of prizes in physics, chemistry, physiology or medicine, literature, and peace
• The Nobel Prizes are awarded annually in six categories: Peace, Literature, Physics, Chemistry, Physiology or Medicine, and Economic Sciences.
• The Economic Sciences category was added later in 1968 and is officially known as the Sveriges Riksbank Prize in Economic Sciences in Memory of Alfred Nobel.
• The first Prizes were awarded in 1901 
• The Nobel Peace Prize is awarded in Oslo, Norway, while the others are awarded in Stockholm, Sweden.
• The Nobel Prize consists of a Nobel Medal and Diploma, and a document confirming the prize amount
• The Nobel Prize cannot be given posthumously and it cannot be shared between more than three people.
• One cannot nominate himself/herself for a Nobel Prize.

Some details about the Nobel Foundation:

• The Nobel Foundation, a private institution established in 1900, has ultimate responsibility for fulfilling the intentions of Alfred Nobel’s will.
• They also ensure that the prize-awarding institutions are guaranteed independence in their work of selecting recipients.
• The Foundation is also tasked with strengthening the Prize’s position by administering and developing the brands and intangible assets that have been built up during the Nobel history, which spans more than 100 years.
• The Nobel Foundation also strives to safeguard the prize-awarding institutions’ common interests.

How are the Nobel Prize laureates selected:

What are the institutions that choose winners:

• The Nobel Committees of the prize-awarding institutions are responsible for the selection of the candidates, the institutions being:
  • Nobel Prize in Physics, Nobel Prize in Chemistry: The Royal Swedish Academy of Sciences
  • Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine: The Karolinska Institutet
  • Nobel Prize in Literature: The Swedish Academy
  • Nobel Peace Prize: A five-member Committee elected by the Norwegian Parliament (Storting)
  • Prize in Economic Sciences: The Royal Swedish Academy of Sciences

Who are the Indians (or individuals of Indian origin) who have been honoured with the Nobel:

• Rabindranath Tagore (Literature, 1913),
• C V Raman (Physics, 1930)
• Hargobind Khorana (Medicine, 1968)
• Mother Teresa (Peace, 1979)
• Subramanian Chandrashekhar (Physics, 1983),
• The Dalai Lama (Peace, 1989)
• Amartya Sen (Economics, 1998)
• Venkatraman Ramakrishnan (2009)
• Kailash Satyarthi (Peace, 2014).