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Xenotransplantation

  • August 21, 2023
  • Posted by: OptimizeIAS Team
  • Category: DPN Topics
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Xenotransplantation

Subject :Science and technology

Section: Biotechnology

Context: After decades of failed attempts, last year, University of Maryland surgeons tried to save a dying man with a pig heart — and he survived for two months.

What is Xenotransplantation:

  • Xenotransplantation is any procedure that involves the transplantation, implantation, or infusion into a human recipient of either
    • Live cells, tissues, or organs from a nonhuman animal source, or
    • Human body fluids, cells, tissues, or organs that have had ex vivo (outside of the living body) contact with live non-human animal cells, tissues, or organs.

Why Pigs are popular candidates for organ transplantation.

  • Pigs are increasingly becoming popular candidates for organ transplantation.
  • Pigs offer advantages over primates for organ procurements, because they are easier to raise and achieve adult human size in six months.
  • The pig’s anatomical and physiological parameters are similar to that of humans, and the breeding of pigs in farms is widespread and cost-effective.

Process of Xenotransplantation:

Some breakthrough in Xenotransplantation:

  • In 2017, Chinese surgeons reportedly transplanted pig cornea to restore sight in a human.
  • In 2020, US experts attached a genetically-altered kidney to a brain-dead person.
Science and tech Xenotransplantation

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