Daily Prelims Notes 15 November 2020

November 15, 2020
Posted by: OptimizeIAS Team
Category: DPN

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Table Of Contents

1. GARIB KALYAN ROZGAR ABHIYAN

Subject: Govt Schemes

Concept:

Beneficiaries: The scheme will empower and provide livelihood opportunities to the returnee migrant workers and rural citizens who have returned to their home states due to the Covid-19 induced lockdown.
Duration and Outlay: This campaign will work in mission mode for 125 days with an outlay of Rs. 50,000 crore.
Coverage: A total of 116 districts across six states, namely Bihar, Uttar Pradesh, Madhya Pradesh, Rajasthan, Jharkhand and Odisha (where maximum migrant workers have returned) have been chosen for the campaign.
These districts are estimated to cover about 2/3 of such migrant workers.
The chosen districts include 27 Aspirational Districts.
Aspirational Districts are those districts in India which are affected by poor socio-economic indicators. These are aspirational in the context, that improvement in these districts can lead to the overall improvement in human development in India. It is a NITI Aayog’s Programme.
Implementation: It will involve intensified and focused implementation of 25 different types of works to provide employment to the migrant workers on one hand and create infrastructure in the rural regions of the country on the other hand.
The workers will help build gram panchayat bhawans and anganwadi centres, national highway works, railway works and water conservation projects, among others across six states.
Participants: 12 different Ministries/Departments, namely, Rural Development, Panchayati Raj, Road Transport and Highways, Mines, Drinking Water and Sanitation, Environment, Railways, etc. will be coordinating for the implementation of the scheme.
Connectivity: The villages will join this programme through the Common Service Centres (CSCs) and Krishi Vigyan Kendras (KVKs) maintaining the norms of social distancing in the wake of the pandemic.

2. SAANSAD ADARSH GRAM YOJANA

Subject: Govt Schemes

Concept:

The scheme was launched by the Prime Minister of India on the birth anniversary of Jai Prakash Narayan.
Under the Yojana, Members of Parliament (MPs) are responsible for developing the socio-economic and physical infrastructure of three villages each by 2019, and a total of eight villages each by 2024.
From 2019 to 2024, five more Adarsh Grams must be developed by each MP, one each year. This implies that a total of 6,433 Adarsh Grams, of the 2,65,000 gram panchayats, will be created by 2024.

Process

Gram Panchayat: The basic unit for development.
Lok Sabha MP: chooses a Gram Panchayat from within his/her constituency.
Rajya Sabha MP: chooses Gram Panchayat from the rural area of a district of his/her choice in the State from which he/she is elected.
Nominated MPs: choose a Gram Panchayat from the rural area of any district in the country.

Action Taken

The MPs engages with the community, facilitate the Village Development Plan and mobilise the necessary resources particularly from Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR) and philanthropies.
The planning process in each village is a participatory exercise coordinated by the District Collector.
MPs also fill up critical gaps in the plan using the Member of Parliament Local Area Development Scheme (MPLADs) funds.

3. NATIONAL SEED FUND

Subject: Economy

Concept:

The Department for Promotion of Industry and Internal Trade (DPIIT) is working on guidelines for a National Seed Fund that was announced in the Budget for 2020-21 to help startups and budding entrepreneurs.
Some states and central government departments like Biotechnology Industry Research Assistance Council have their own seed fund scheme but they are small and are not pan-India.
Most of the Start Up face problem in raising finance or funds in the ideation to the proof of concept stage.
This fund aims to provide early life funding to support ideation and development of early stage Start-ups.
With the government participation in the development of start ups , more number of people will be encouraged to become entrepreneurs.

4. DDY – GKY

Subject: Govt Schemes

Concept:

It is a demand-driven placement linked skill training initiative working under the National Rural Livelihood Mission (NRLM).
It uses skill training and placement in wage employment as a tool to diversify income and enable sustained upward movement out of poverty.
DDU-GKY is uniquely focused on rural youth between the ages of 15 and 35 years from poor families.
Under DDU-GKY, 10.51 lakh rural youth have been trained and 6.65 lakh successfully placed so far.
All stakeholders need to bring more rural youths under DDU-GKY, who are interested to become independent and bring a change in society.

Significance:

DDU-GKY and integrated farming initiatives for rural development across the country are important for greater success in skilling and placing the rural youth.
DDU-GKY has played a significant role in the context of Aatmanirbhar Bharat through skilling.

5. PM VAN DHAN YOJANA

Subject: Govt Schemes

Concept:

Objective: to help increase tribal income through Value Addition.
This is a Market Linked Tribal Entrepreneurship Development Program for forming clusters of tribal SHGs and strengthening them into Tribal Producer Companies has been launched with participation from all the 27 States from the Country.
The Van DhanVikas Kendra will be established for providing capacity building training and skill upgradation and value addition facility and setting up of primary processing.
The Van DhanVikasKendras will be a significant milestone in financial development of tribals involved in the collection of MFPs by helping them in the best use of natural resources and provide sustainable MFP-based living in MFP-rich districts.
Implementation: Ministry of Tribal Affairs as Nodal Department at the Central Level and TRIFED as Nodal Agency at the National Level.
At State level, the State Nodal Agency for MFPs and the District collectors are anticipated to play a pivotal role in the execution of the scheme at grassroot level. Locally, the Kendra’s are proposed to be managed by a Managing Committee (an SHG) which consists of representatives of Van Dhan SHGs in the group.

6. SWAMI VIVEKANANDHA

Subject: Culture

Context: PM Modi unveiled a life-size statue of Swami Vivekananda on JNU campus through videoconferencing.

Concept:

Swami Vivekananda is credited with introducing the West to the Indian philosophies of Vedanta and Yoga.
He worked in the field of social service.
He spoke to people in India and urged them to eliminate the caste system and promote science and industrialisation.
He also worked against superstitions and advocated the upliftment of women’s position in society.
He wanted the people to embrace the spirit of equality and free-thinking.
His interpretation of Vedanta is called neo-Vedanta.
Reverence and admiration for him among Bengali elites led to the formation of the Ramakrishna Mission by Swami Vivekananda.

The four pillars of nationalism according to Swami Vivekananda are:

Consciousness and pride in the ancient glory of India.
Development of moral and physical strength.
Awakening of the masses.
Unity based on common spiritual ideas.

Vedanta

It was based on Upanishads and their interpretation.
Its aim was to enquire about ‘Brahman’ (ultimate reality) which was the central concept of Upanishads.
It saw Veda as the ultimate source of information and whose authority could not be questioned.
It emphasized on path of knowledge (jnana) as opposed to that of sacrifice (karma).
Ultimate aim of knowledge was ‘Moksha’ i.e. liberation from ‘sansara’.

Ramakrishna Mission

It is an embodiment of the synthesis of ancient Indian and modern western cultures.
Formally, the Mission was founded in May 1897 by Paramahamsa’s disciple, Narendranath Dutta, who was later on known as Swami Vivekananda (1863-1902).
The Mission has given top priority to the idea of social service, both in terms of philanthropic work and upliftment of religious and spiritual life.
It has been successful in propagating the universal principle of Vedanta and giving a true picture of India to the western world.
The Mission has opened many schools and dispensaries, and helped the victims of natural calamities.