After floods, strife-torn Sudan battles cholera as disease kills 388 in two months

Sub: IR

Sec: Places in news

Context:

Cholera is spreading in, killing at least 388 people and making about 13,000 others sick over the past two months.
Previous outbreak in 2017 had resulted in over 700 deaths and about 22,000 cases.

Compounding Crises:

The disease is spreading in areas devastated by recent heavy rainfall and floods especially in eastern Sudan where millions of war displaced people sheltered.
The convergence of cholera, flooding, and ongoing conflict has created a severe humanitarian crisis in Sudan, exacerbating the suffering of millions.
Famine was also confirmed in the Zamzam camp for displaced people.

Conflict in Sudan:

Conflict erupted in April last year due to rising tensions between the military and the Rapid Support Forces (RSF).
The fighting has been marked by atrocities including mass rape and ethnically motivated killings that amount to war crimes and crimes against humanity, especially in the western region of Darfur, according to the United Nations and international rights groups.
The war also has created the world’s largest displacement crisis. More than 13 million people have been forced to flee their homes since the fighting began, according to the International Organization for Migration.
Fighting continues in al-Fasher, the last major city in Darfur that is still held by the military.

Sudan:

Sudan is a country located in northeastern Africa. The capital is Khartoum.
It is the third-largest country in Africa.
The Blue Nile and White Nile rivers merge in Khartoum to form the Nile River.

About Cholera:

Cholera is a fast-spreading, highly contagious infection causing severe diarrhea and dehydration, potentially leading to death within hours if untreated.
It is caused by the bacterium Vibrio cholerae.
Symptoms: severe watery diarrhoea, Vomiting, Leg cramps etc.
Transmission occurs through contaminated food and water, particularly in areas with inadequate sanitation and clean drinking water.