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One in every 100 women has undiagnosed cervical cancer in Maharashtra: Experts call for vaccination

  • November 14, 2022
  • Posted by: OptimizeIAS Team
  • Category: DPN Topics
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One in every 100 women has undiagnosed cervical cancer in Maharashtra: Experts call for vaccination

Subject :Science and Technology

Context-

  • A recent statewide health screening programme revealed that for every 100 women examined, one was detected with undiagnosed cervical cancer in Maharashtra.

More on the news-

  • Despite this, the long-pending demand to include Human papillomavirus (HPV) — a vaccine for cervical cancer — in the national immunisation programme remains unfulfilled.
  • In the state, a total of 73,554 women above the age of 30 years were examined, of which 925 were detected with undiagnosed cervical cancer.

About Cervical cancer-

  • Cervical cancer is a common sexually transmitted infection.
  • Long-lasting infection with certain types of HPV is the main cause of cervical cancer.
  • Even after getting infected, the virus can sometimes take years before it causes any symptoms.
  • Cervical cancer is considered the most common type of cancer witnessed among women which also has a high mortality rate due to late detection.
  • According to a study globally, 27 per cent of total cervical cancer cases are from India, which is home to 16-17 per cent of the world’s women population.
  • The existing vaccines have proven helpful in preventing cervical cancer globally.
  • So if it is included in the national immunisation programme in which it would be given free of cost to girls, it would help reduce the burden.
  • It can be prevented to a large extent with the administration of HPV immunisation among girl children before they turn 14 years.
  • Although HPV vaccination was introduced in 2008, it has yet to be included in the national immunisation programme.

Vaccine against Cervical Cancer-

  • Currently, two vaccines licensed globally are available in India — a quadrivalent vaccine (Gardasil, from Merck) and a bivalent vaccine (Cervarix, from GlaxoSmithKline).
  • Each dose costs Rs 2,800 (Gardasil) or Rs 3,299 (Cervarix).
  • These vaccines are expensive because of less demand.
  • But once it is included in the immunisation programme and with mass awareness programmes, its demand will increase which might help bring down its price.
  • The Indian Academy of Paediatrics Committee on Immunisation (IAPCOI) recommends that HPV vaccines be given as a two-dose regimen, six months apart for girls below the age of 14 years.
  • For those who are 15 and older, the vaccine is given in a three-dose regimen.
  • In July, the Serum Institute of India (SII)’s vaccine Cervavac — India’s first quadrivalent human papillomavirus vaccine (qHPV) against cervical cancer — received the Drugs Controller General of India’s (DGCI) approval for market authorisation.
One in every 100 women has undiagnosed cervical cancer in Maharashtra: Experts call for vaccination Science and tech

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