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Post-glacial ecosystems could help slow down climate change: Study

  • September 15, 2024
  • Posted by: OptimizeIAS Team
  • Category: DPN Topics
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Post-glacial ecosystems could help slow down climate change: Study

Sub: Geo

Sec: Climatology

Context:

  • A global study titled “The Development of Terrestrial Ecosystems Emerging After Glacier Retreat,” published in Nature, suggests that while glacier retreat is a clear sign of climate change, it may also create new ecosystems that could help mitigate its effects.

Key Findings:

  1. Immediate Effects of Deglaciation:
    • May accelerate climate change by reducing surface reflectivity
    • Could release stored carbon
  2. Long-term Potential:
    • Post-glacial ecosystems might slow down climate change
    • Proper management could boost biogeochemical processes

Research Methodology:

  • 10-year investigation led by professors from the University of Milan and Italy’s Institute of Geosciences and Earth Resources
  • Over 1,200 soil samples collected from nearly 50 glaciers worldwide
  • Climates ranged from tropical to subpolar regions
  • Indian contribution: Samples from Gangotri and Bara Shigri glaciers in the Himalayas

Ecosystem Development in Deglaciated Areas:

  1. Initial colonization (immediately after retreat):
    • Microorganisms: bacteria, protists, algae are the first to colonise the barren landscape
    • Role: Make minerals available for other species
  2. Within a decade:
    • Hardy plants: lichens, mosses, grass
    • Role: Enrich soil, prepare for more complex plant life
  3. Later stages:
    • More complex plant life
    • Larger animals

Importance of Post-Glacial Ecosystems:

  • Carbon capture and storage through biomass growth
  • Temporary habitats for species threatened by climate change
  • Potential refuges for cold-adapted species
  • Enhanced biodiversity

Management Recommendations:

  • Promote wild herbivores to enhance life in these regions
  • Protect and study these ecosystems for ecological benefits

Relevance to India:

  • Crucial for water regulation in the Himalayas
  • Impacts rivers supporting millions (drinking water, agriculture, hydropower)
  • Potential for medicinal and agricultural discoveries
  • Opportunity for eco-tourism to boost local economies

Source: TH

Geography Post-glacial ecosystems could help slow down climate change: Study

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