What did the ILO report state about international migrants?

Sub: IR

Sec: Int Org

Context:

The fourth edition of the Global Estimates on International Migrant Workers, released by the International Labour Organization (ILO), highlights the economic contributions of international migrants (IMs) through labour and remittances.
IMs address labour market shortages in host nations and contribute remittances to home countries. Their contributions significantly bolster global economic growth.
Migration is driven by aging populations, demand in care sectors, and better economic opportunities.

Key Findings:

Representation in Global Workforce:

In 2022, IMs accounted for 7% (167.7 million) of the global labour force, a 30-million increase since 2013.
Of these, 6 million were employed, and 12.1 million were unemployed.
IM men comprised 7% of global male employment, while IM women made up 4.4%.
Between 2019 and 2022, the annual growth rate of IMs dropped to less than 1%, influenced by factors such as the pandemic.

Gender and Age:

Prime-age adults (25–54 years) dominated, comprising 9% (125.6 million) of IM workers in 2022.
Young IMs (15–24 years) made up 3%, while those aged 55–64 years were 12.5%, and those above 65 were 3.4%.
Male migrants had higher employment rates, with 3% of employed migrants being men, compared to 38.7% women.

Economic Sectors:

The services sector attracted the largest proportion of IMs (4%), with women IMs dominating at 80.7%.
IMs in industry made up 3%, and those in agriculture accounted for only 7.4%.

Host Countries:

High-income countries hosted 4% (114 million) of IMs, especially in care-related services, followed by upper-middle-income countries (17.4%).
Regional distribution in 2022:
- Europe: 23.3% (slight increase since 2013).
- North America: 22.6% (small decline over the decade).
- Arab states: 13.3% (down three percentage points from 2013).

About ILO:

The ILO was created in 1919 by the Versailles Peace Treaty.
After the demise of the League of Nations, it became the first specialized agency of the UN.
Its secretariat is in Geneva, Switzerland.
It has 187 member states, including 186 of the 193 UN member states and the Cook Islands,
It is responsible for drawing up and over seeing international labour standards.
It has a tripartite governing structure – representing governments, employers, and workers

Reports released by ILO: